Detection of crystalline particles in the atmosphere by the method of polarization laser sensing

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   The method of laser polarization sensing of the atmosphere is described.
   It is based on the experimental determination of altitude profiles of
   backscattering phase matrix (BSPM).

   The methodology of measurements and characteristics of the unique
   polarisation lidar of Tomsk State University are summarizes. As an
   illustration of the possibilities of polarization lidar for monitoring of
   aerosol anisotropic media, the results of BSPM experimental studies of
   cirrus with "mirror" reflection of light are presented.

   To assess the conditions for cloud formation with anomalous backscattering
   in the atmosphere, data on meteorological parameters of the atmosphere at
   the corresponding altitudes near the observation site are presented.

   This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Science of the
   Russian Federation under the Target Federal Program "Research and
   Developments of High-Priority Directions of Scientific-Technical Complex
   of Russia for 2007-2013" (State Contracts N14.518.11.7053 and
   N14.515.11.0032) and the Russian Foundation for Basic Research
   (N11-05-01200a).