N THE ORIGIN OF «LONG-DISTANCE» GEOPHYSICAL PRECURSORS REGISTERED AT FINAL (ABOUT ONE WEEK) STAGE OF PREPARATION OF STRONG WORLD EARTHQUAKES

• download

The global-regional model of preparation of strong earthquakes proposed by Shirokov, (2001, 2007, 2009),
suggested that regional seismotectonic and geophysical processes significantly depend on planetary space impact
affecting interaction of tectonic plates and global restructuring of tectonic stress fields. Global processes can
lead to geophysical response of a medium at any distance from a sources of a preparing earthquake, including
final (about one week) short-term stage. Examples of short-term precursors observed by many researchers
some hours/days prior to strong earthquakes including those occurring at considerable distances from the
earthquake sources are considered in this paper. In many cases the cause of such anomalies was considered
to be unclear. Different types of short-term precursors were observed, they are: «long-distance» earthquakes-
foreshocks, volcanic tremor, volcanic earthquakes, volcanic blasts, sharp increase of volcanic activity, acoustic
signals at active volcanoes, pressure variations in a deep well, variations in electric conductivity of the near
ground air, short-term deformations of rocks, pulse signals of underground hydrogen, variations of electric
field, gravity anomalies, etc. Similar anomalous signals (also registered after the occurred earthquakes) can be
considered to support the global-regional model of preparation of tectonic earthquakes.