The paper "Simulation of Electrification of Hailstones in Temperate Latitudes in View of the Clouds Fractal Properties" in the Journal "Mathematical Models and Computer Simulations" by Springer

One of the authors is the Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Physical Process Modeling of IKIR FEB RAS, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.) Parovik Roman Ivanovich.

The paper consider a mathematical model of formation of thunderstorms of moderate latitudes, taking into account the fractal structure of the cloud environment, using the apparatus of fractional integro-differentiation.

Unlike classical works, in this article, the process of electrification of hailstones in cumulonimbus clouds of temperate latitudes depends not only on the electric field strength, the charge carried away by the drop, the size and speed of the fall of the hailstone, but also on the fractal parameter (fractal dimension) of the cloud environment.

The dependence of the dynamics of charging of hailstone formation in thunderstorms of temperate latitudes on the values of the fractal parameter, as well as the dependence on both constants and various values of the parameter characterizing fractal structures, is shown.

The figure shows the modeling results for different values of θ parameter.

Full text is available at link.

For the reference: Kumykov, T.S., Parovik, R.I. Simulation of Electrification of Hailstones in Temperate Latitudes in View of the Clouds Fractal Properties. Math Models Comput Simul 17, 227–232 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1134/S2070048224701084